Citation Information :
Kesavarapu SR, Ninan MK, Gali YM. Ultrasound—Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter: A Tool for Assessment of Intracranial Pressure. J Acute Care 2024; 3 (3):184-186.
Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive, bedside tool for estimating intracranial pressure (ICP) in conditions such as traumatic brain injury, intracranial hypertension, and optic neuritis. It is risk free compared to conventional methods, avoiding radiation and infection risks. ONSD also aids in evaluating intraventricular shunts, lumbar puncture feasibility, and conditions like idiopathic intracranial hypertension, intracranial hypotension, and stroke progression. Using ultrasound, ONSD correlates significantly with ICP. Measurement involves imaging 3 mm posterior to the globe with a high-frequency linear probe, avoiding oblique views and artifacts. Both transverse and sagittal views are assessed, with color Doppler assisting in accuracy. Compared to computed tomography (CT), ultrasound is cost-effective, safer, and suitable for serial ICP monitoring. However, caution is needed in cases of globe rupture, requiring prior ophthalmology evaluation. ONSD is a reliable and accessible tool in neurocritical care.
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